Preface ix
Contributors xi
Surface Water Hydrology
Acidification-Chronic 1
Episodic Acidification 5
Acidification of Freshwater Resources 7
Geochemistry of Acid Mine Drainage 13
The Aral Sea Disaster: Environment Issues and Nationalist Tensions 15
Lake Baikal-A Touchstone for Global Change and Rift Studies 20
Base Flow 22
River Basins 28
River Basin Planning and Coordination 33
Bioaccumulation 34
Biotic Integrity Index to Evaluate Water Resource Integrity in Freshwater Systems 36
Reversal of the Chicago River 41
Flood Control in the Yellow River Basin in China 45
Chironomids in Sediment Toxicity Testing 50
Cienega 57
Time-Area and The Clark Rainfall-Runoff Transformation 60
Stream Classification 65
Coastal Wetlands 71
Freshwater Colloids 74
Culvert Design 75
Dilution-Mixing Zones and Design Flows 78
Drainage Ditches 87
Drainage Networks 93
Dyes As Hydrological Tracers 95
Flow-duration Curves 102
Environmental Flows 106
Eutrophication (Excessive Fertilization) 107
Cultural Eutrophication 114
Fish Cells in the Toxicological Evaluation of Environmental Contaminants 115
Fish Consumption Advisories 118
Fisheries: History, Science, and Management 121
Factors Affecting Fish Growth and Production 129
Water Needs for Freshwater Fisheries Management 133
An Outline of the History of Fishpond Culture in Silesia, the Western Part of Poland 135
Floods 142
Flood Control Structures 150
Floods as a Natural Hazard 153
Flood Source Mapping in Watersheds 155
Urban Flooding 159
Floodwater Spreading 163
Minimum Environmental Flow Regimes 166
Forensic Hydrogeology 168
Forests and Wetlands 170
Rock Glacier 174
Great Lakes 175
Greenhouse Gas Emissions From Hydroelectric Reservoirs 180
Gully Erosion 183
Potential Health Issues Associated With Blue-Green Algae Blooms in Impoundments, Ponds and Lakes 188
Heat Balance of Open Waterbodies 190
Hydraulics 194
Hydraulics of Pressurized Flow 196
Hydroelectric Power 199
Hydroelectric Reservoirs as Anthropogenic Sources of Greenhouse Gases 203
Hydrologic Persistence and The Hurst Phenomenon 210
Unit Hydrograph 221
Hydrological Processes and Measured Pollutant Loads 222
Hydrologic Thresholds 229
Ganga River, India 232
Interception 235
Kinematic Shock 239
Kinematic Wave Method For Storm Drainage Design 242
Kinematic Wave and Diffusion Wave Theories 246
Kinematic Wave Flow Routing 253
Reliability Concepts in Reservoir Design 259
Lakes 265
The Theory of Alternative Stable States in Shallow Lake Ecosystems 272
NOAA Lake Level Forecast for Lake Michigan Right on Target 274
Submerged Aquatic Plants Affect Water Quality in Lakes 275
Lakes-Discharges To 281
Lasers Scan Levees from the Air 284
Levees for Flood Protection 286
Limnology 291
Adsorption of Metal Ions On Bed Sediments 295
Microbiology of Lotic Aggregates and Biofilms 305
Microorganisms in Their Natural Environment 309
Calibration of Hydraulic Network Models 313
Numerical Modeling of Currents 320
Uncertainty Analysis in Watershed Modeling 325
Watershed Modeling 327
Modeling of Water Quality in Sewers 331
Modeling of Urban Drainage and Stormwater 337
Modeling Ungauged Watersheds 342
Corps Turned Niagara Falls Off, On Again 345
Open Channel Design 346
Organic Compounds and Trace Elements in Freshwater Streambed Sediment and Fish from the Puget Sound Basin 349
Impervious Cover-Paving Paradise 363
Phytoremediation By Constructed Wetlands 364
Unrecognized Pollutants 371
Pollution of Surface Waters 373
Pond Aquaculture-Modeling and Decision Support Systems 375
Pumping Stations 379
Regulated Rivers 381
Reservoirs-Multipurpose 382
Dam Removal as River Restoration 387
Riparian Systems 390
Rivers 392
River and Water Facts 394
Sediment Load Measurements 397
Sedimentation 401
Sedimentation and Flotation 404
Reservoir Sedimentation 408
Water from Saturated River Sediment-Sand Abstraction 412
Sediment Transport 417
Stochastic Simulation of Hydrosystems 421
Storage and Detention Facilities 430
Urban Stormwater Runoff Water Quality Issues 432
Rivers and Streams: One-Way Flow System 437
Streamflow 439
Water Quality in Suburban Watersheds 441
Surface Water Pollution 444
Surface Runoff and Subsurface Drainage 451
Trace Elements in Water, Sediment, and Aquatic Biota-Effects of Biology and Human Activity 454
Innovative Pens Hatch Thousands of Trout 458
Watershed 460
Combustible Watersheds 461
Time of Concentration and Travel Time in Watersheds 469
Watershed Hydrology 472
Watershed Management for Environmental Quality and Food Security 479
Water Hyacinth-The World's Most Problematic Weed 479
Water Quality in Ponds 484
Water Turbine 487
Wetlands: Uses, Functions, and Values 489
Wetlands Overview 493
Classification of Wetlands and Deepwater Habitats of the United States 496
Urban Runoff 498
Urban Water Studies 501
Subglacial Lake Vostok 503
Water-The Canadian Transporter 507
Flood Prevention 510
Effects of DDT in Surface Water on Bird Abundance and Reproduction-A History 513
Instream Flow Methods 526
Floodplain 527
Fish Passage Facilities 529
Fishing Waters 532
Land Surface Modeling 533
Agricultural Water
Animal Farming Operations: Groundwater Quality Issues 538
Aquaculture Technology for Producers 540
Biofuel Alternatives to Fossil Fuels 545
Soil Conservation 549
Landscape Water-Conservation Techniques 553
Crop Water Requirements 557
Agricultural Water Use Efficiency (WUE) and Productivity (WP) 558
Large Area Surface Energy Balance Estimation Using Satellite Imagery 560
Soil Erosion and Control Practices 565
Water Table Contribution to Crop Evapotranspiration 570
Crop Evapotranspiration 571
Water Pollution From Fish Farms 579
World's Major Irrigation Areas 581
Irrigation in The United States 586
Irrigation Wells 594
Agriculture and Land Use Planning 595
Waterlogging 599
Water Quality Management in an Agricultural Landscape 604
Classification and Mapping of Agricultural Land for National Water-Quality Assessment 608
Metal Tolerance in Plants: The Roles of Thiol-Containing Peptides 609
Microirrigation 615
Microirrigation: An Approach to Efficient Irrigation 620
Plant and Microorganism Selection for Phytoremediation of Hydrocarbons and Metals 628
Nitrate Pollution Prevention 637
Nitrification 640
Occurrence of Organochlorine Pesticides in Vegetables Grown on Untreated Soils from an Agricultural Watershed 643
Pesticide Chemistry in the Environment 647
Remediation of Pesticide-Contaminated Soil at Agrichemical Facilities 651
Pesticide Occurrence and Distribution in Relation to Use 655
Assessment of Pollution Outflow From Large Agricultural Areas 657
Deep-Well Turbine Pumps 664
Microbial Quality of Reclaimed Irrigation: International Perspective 667
Soil Salinity 673
Maintaining Salt Balance on Irrigated Land 677
Salt Tolerance 681
Groundwater Assessment Using Soil Sampling Techniques 688
Skimmed Groundwater 691
Soil Moisture Measurement-Neutron 692
Soil N Management Impact on The Quality of Surface and Subsurface Water 694
Soil Phosphorus Availability and Its Impact on Surface Water Quality 701
Soil Water Issues 706
Water Spreading 708
Sprinkler Irrigation 712
Stomates 714
Crop Water Stress Detection Using Remote Sensing 719
Vacuum Gauge Tensiometer 724
Tile Drainage 729
Tile Drainage: Impacts, Plant Growth, and Water Table Levels 731
Measuring and Modeling Tree and Stand Level Transpiration 732
Water Logging: Topographic and Agricultural Impacts 741
Weed Control Strategies 742
Screen Filters for Microirrigation 748
Xeriscape 750
Media Filters for Microirrigation 752
Index 755
