Preface xiii
Yves CHARBIT
Presentation of Authors xv
Introduction Actors and Sectors of Interventions xxi
Yves CHARBIT and Sascha KRANNICH
Part 1. The Supranational Level 1
Chapter 1. The Global Role of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees 3
Yves CHARBIT
1.1. Introduction 3
1.2. Categories of refugees and the role of the UNHCR 4
1.3. Africa and the Middle East 11
1.4. Asia and the Pacific 14
1.5. The scope of the UNHCR's role 23
1.6. Conclusion 25
Chapter 2. Governance and Access to Human Rights for African Migrants is Not Without Difficulties 27
Mohammed CHAREF
2.1. Introduction 27
2.2. When migration became a "new challenge" 29
2.3. Overview of international standards and guidelines relating to migration and migrant workers 35
2.4. Conclusion: convergence between the CMW and the Marrakesh Compact 47
2.5. References 49
Chapter 3. Harmonizing Refugee Protection: Coherent Plurilateralism in the East African Community 51
Elvis NG'ANDWE
3.1. Introduction 51
3.2. Theoretical frameworks 52
3.3. The EAC 57
3.4. Comparative analysis of refugee policies 62
3.5. Conclusion 65
3.6. References 66
Chapter 4. Adapting Protection: The Evolution of the EU's Response to Forced Migration in Ukraine 71
Enza Roberta PETRILLO
4.1. Introduction 71
4.2. Ukraine's ongoing crisis: economic disruption, humanitarian emergency and war-induced displacement 73
4.3. Waves of displacement: mapping changing migration patterns in Ukraine (2022-2025) 78
4.4. Reception and protection policies for displaced Ukrainians in the EU 83
4.5. Conclusion 92
4.6. References 93
Part 2. The State Level 99
Chapter 5. Judicial Processes for the International Return of Children and Adolescents in Córdoba, Argentina 101
Paula Gisele PELÁEZ
5.1. Introduction 101
5.2. Regulations governing the return of minor children 104
5.3. Opinions of two judges specializing in the international return of children and adolescents 108
5.4. Return cases and international communication arrangements 110
5.5. Three cases of international return of children of migrant parents 113
5.6. Conclusion 118
5.7. References 121
Chapter 6. Comprehensive Initiatives for Refugees/Migrants? Experiences and Perspectives from Japan 125
Yasunobu SATO
6.1. Introduction 125
6.2. A history of Japanese policy for refugees and asylum seekers during the Cold War 127
6.3. Japan's diplomatic principle of human security initiatives for refugees in post-Cold War globalization 130
6.4. A new paradigm of refugee protection toward empowerment through education and work in Japan 135
6.5. Conclusion 138
6.6. References 139
Chapter 7. Protecting the Rights of Migrants and Refugees in the Mediterranean: from Supranational Recognition to Intranational Effectiveness in Morocco 143
Rachida SAADI
7.1. Introduction 143
7.2. Global migration governance in the Mediterranean 144
7.3. Protection of rights in Morocco: a progressive alignment with supranational recognition 150
7.4. Effectiveness of rights at the subnational level: dynamics of local actors in Morocco facing the challenges of rights protection 154
7.5. Conclusion 159
7.6. References 160
Chapter 8. Syrian Refugees' Access to Emergency Services Following the 2023 Earthquakes in Kahramanmaraº, Türkiye 165
Nazan CÖMERT-BAECHLER
8.1. Introduction 165
8.2. Earthquakes of February 6, 2023 in Kahramanmaraº 171
8.3. Conclusion 189
8.4. References 191
Part 3. Civil Society: Diasporas and NGOs. 199
Chapter 9. Identity and Belonging of Arab Canadians: Immigration and Community 201
Rachad ANTONIUS and Jasmin HABIB
9.1. Identities on the shifting sands of displacement 201
9.2. The dynamics of identity 203
9.3. The Canadian context and socio-cultural dynamics 210
9.4. Conclusion: the geopolitics of belonging 219
9.5. References 224
Chapter 10. Migrant Organizations and Human Rights 229
Sascha KRANNICH and Menderes CANDAN
10.1. Introduction 229
10.2. Transnational engagement of Iraqis in Germany for human rights in Iraq 231
10.3. Transnational engagement of Mexicans in the United States in favor of human rights in Mexico 235
10.4. Conclusion and discussion 239
10.5. References 241Contents xi
Chapter 11. Breaking Down Language Barriers to Facilitate Access to Rights 245
Aziz TABOURI and Yves CHARBIT
11.1. Introduction 245
11.2. Experience built up with many partners 247
11.3. Understanding and being understood: interpreters at the heart of access to rights 249
11.4. Target sectors and populations. 255
11.5. Conclusion 264
11.6. References 266
Chapter 12. Permanent Access to Healthcare (PASS) as a Response to the Crisis in the French Healthcare System 267
Denis MECHALI
12.1. Introduction 267
12.2. Objectives and difficulties of PASSs 268
12.3. PASSs as a response to precarity 270
12.4. Foreigners and people in precarious situations among PASS users 278
12.5. Conclusion 281
12.6. References 283
Chapter 13. Right to Health at the Margins: Exploring Undocumented Migrants' Access to Healthcare in Spain and Türkiye 287
H. Deniz GENÇ
13.1. Introduction 287
13.2. The right to health and undocumented migrants 289
13.3. The Spanish health system 294
13.4. The Turkish healthcare system 301
13.5. Comparison and conclusion 309
13.6. Acknowledgments 310
13.7. References 310
List of Authors 317
Index 319
