RADIOPHARMACEUTICAL & NUCLEAR SCIENCE Fundamentals, Applications, and Recent Advances

Radiopharmaceuticals and nuclear science are specialized branches of pharmaceutical and medical sciences that involve the use of radioactive substances for the diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring of diseases. Unlike conventional medicines, radiopharmaceuticals contain radioactive isotopes that emit radiation, enabling healthcare professionals to visualize organ function or destroy diseased tissues. Nuclear science provides the scientific foundation for understanding radioactivity, nuclear reactions, radiation detection, and the safe handling of radioactive materials. These fields have revolutionized modern medicine, particularly in oncology, cardiology, neurology, endocrinology, and nephrology, by enabling early disease detection and targeted therapy.