Introduction xxv
Chapter 1 Introduction to Cisco DevNet Associate Certification 2
Do I Know This Already? 2
Foundation Topics 3
Why Get Certified 3
Cisco Career Certification Overview 6
Cisco DevNet Certifications 11
Cisco Certified DevNet Associate Certification (DEVASC) 12
Cisco Certified DevNet Professional Certification 13
Cisco DevNet Overview 14
Discover 15
Technologies 15
Community 16
Support 17
Events 17
DevNet Automation Exchange 18
Summary 20
Chapter 2 Software Development and Design 22
Do I Know This Already? Quiz 22
Foundation Topics 25
Software Development Lifecycle 25
Waterfall 27
Lean 28
Agile 29
Common Design Patterns 30
Model-View-Controller (MVC) Pattern 30
Observer Pattern 31
Linux BASH 32
Getting to Know BASH 32
Directory Navigation 35
cd 35
pwd 35
ls 36
mkdir 36
File Management 36
mv 37
rm 37
touch 37
cat 37
Environment Variables 37
Software Version Control 38
Git 39
Understanding Git 40
Using Git 42
Cloning/Initiating Repositories 42
Adding and Removing Files 43
Committing Files 45
Pushing and Pulling Files 45
Working with Branches 47
Merging Branches 50
Handling Conflicts 52
Comparing Commits with diff 53
Conducting Code Review 55
Exam Preparation Tasks 55
Review All Key Topics 56
Define Key Terms 56
Chapter 3 Introduction to Python 58
Do I Know This Already? Quiz 58
Foundation Topics 60
Getting Started with Python 60
Understanding Python Syntax 63
Data Types and Variables 66
Variables 66
Data Types 67
Integers, Floating Point, and Complex Numbers 68
Booleans 70
Strings 70
Lists 72
Tuples 74
Dictionaries 75
Sets 76
Input and Output 77
Getting Input from the User 77
The Mighty print() Function 77
Flow Control with Conditionals and Loops 78
If Statements 79
For Loops 80
While Loops 82
Exam Preparation Tasks 83
Review All Key Topics 83
Define Key Terms 84
Additional Resources 84
Chapter 4 Python Functions, Classes, and Modules 86
Do I Know This Already? Quiz 86
Foundation Topics 88
Python Functions 88
Using Arguments and Parameters 89
Object-Oriented Programming and Python 91
Python Classes 92
Creating a Class 92
Methods 93
Inheritance 94
Working with Python Modules 96
Importing a Module 97
The Python Standard Library 99
Importing Your Own Modules 100
Useful Python Modules for Cisco Infrastructure 101
Exam Preparation Tasks 104
Review All Key Topics 104
Define Key Terms 105
Chapter 5 Working with Data in Python 106
Do I Know This Already? Quiz 106
Foundation Topics 108
File Input and Output 108
Parsing Data 110
Comma-Separated Values (CSV) 110
JavaScript Object Notation (JSON) 113
Extensible Markup Language (XML) 115
YAML Ain't Markup Language (YAML) 117
Error Handling in Python 119
Test-Driven Development 121
Unit Testing 122
Exam Preparation Tasks 126
Review All Key Topics 126
Define Key Terms 127
Additional Resources 127
Chapter 6 Application Programming Interfaces (APIs) 128
Do I Know This Already? Quiz 128
Foundation Topics 130
Application Programming Interfaces (APIs) 130
Northbound APIs 130
Southbound APIs 130
Synchronous Versus Asynchronous APIs 131
Representational State Transfer (REST) APIs 132
RESTful API Authentication 133
Basic Authentication 134
API Keys 134
Custom Tokens 135
Simple Object Access Protocol (SOAP) 136
Remote-Procedure Calls (RPCs) 140
Exam Preparation Tasks 142
Review All Key Topics 142
Define Key Terms 142
Chapter 7 RESTful API Requests and Responses 144
Do I Know This Already? Quiz 144
Foundation Topics 146
RESTful API Fundamentals 146
API Types 146
API Access Types 147
HTTP Basics 148
Uniform Resource Locator (URL) 149
Method 150
REST Methods and CRUD 150
Deep Dive into GET and POST 151
HTTP Headers 152
Request Headers 153
Response Headers 153
Response Codes 154
XML 155
JSON 156
YAML 157
Webhooks 158
Tools Used When Developing with Webhooks 158
Sequence Diagrams 159
REST Constraints 160
Client/Server 160
Stateless 161
Cache 161
Uniform Interface 161
Layered System 162
Code on Demand 162
REST API Versioning 162
Pagination 162
Rate Limiting and Monetization 163
Rate Limiting on the Client Side 164
REST Tools 164
Postman 165
curl 168
HTTPie 169
Python Requests 171
REST API Debugging Tools for Developing APIs 172
Exam Preparation Tasks 172
Review All Key Topics 172
Define Key Terms 173
Chapter 8 Cisco Enterprise Networking Management Platforms and APIs 174
Do I Know This Already? Quiz 174
Foundation Topics 176
What Is an SDK? 176
Cisco Meraki 178
Cisco DNA Center 189
Cisco SD-WAN 201
Exam Preparation Tasks 212
Review All Key Topics 212
Define Key Terms 212
Chapter 9 Cisco Data Center and Compute Management Platforms and
APIs 214
Do I Know This Already? Quiz 214
Foundation Topics 216
Cisco ACI 216
Building Blocks of Cisco ACI Fabric Policies 220
APIC REST API 223
UCS Manager 230
Cisco UCS Director 239
Cisco Intersight 246
Exam Preparation Tasks 252
Review All Key Topics 252
Define Key Terms 253
Chapter 10 Cisco Collaboration Platforms and APIs 254
Do I Know This Already? Quiz 255
Foundation Topics 257
Introduction to the Cisco Collaboration Portfolio 257
Unified Communications 257
Cisco Webex Teams 258
Cisco Unified Communications Manager (Unified CM) 259
Unified Contact Center 259
Cisco Webex 260
Cisco Collaboration Endpoints 260
API Options in the Cisco Collaboration Portfolio 261
Webex Teams API 261
API Authentication 262
Personal Access Tokens 262
Integrations 263
Bots 271
Guest Issuer 272
Webex Teams SDKs 273
Cisco Finesse 274
Cisco Finesse API 275
API Authentication 276
Finesse User APIs 277
Finesse Team APIs 279
Dialog APIs 279
Finesse Gadgets 281
Webex Meetings APIs 281
Authentication 283
Integration API Keys 283
Webex XML APIs 284
Creating a New Meeting 284
Listing All My Meetings Meeting 286
Setting or Modifying Meeting Attributes 287
Deleting a Meeting 288
Webex Devices 289
xAPI 290
xAPI Authentication 290
xAPI Session Authentication 291
Creating a Session 291
Getting the Current Device Status 291
Setting Device Attributes 292
Registering an Event Notification Webhook 293
Room Analytics People Presence Detector 294
Cisco Unified Communications Manager 294
Administrative XML 294
Cisco AXL Toolkit 295
Accessing the AXL SOAP API 296
Using the Zeep Client Library 296
Using the CiscoAXL SDK 297
Exam Preparation Tasks 298
Review All Key Topics 298
Define Key Terms 298
Chapter 11 Cisco Security Platforms and APIs 300
Do I Know This Already? Quiz 301
Foundation Topics 302
Cisco's Security Portfolio 302
Potential Threats and Vulnerabilities 303
Most Common Threats 303
Cisco Umbrella 304
Understanding Umbrella 304
Cisco Umbrella APIs 305
Authentication 306
Cisco Firepower 314
Firepower Management Center APIs 315
Cisco Advanced Malware Protection (AMP) 320
Listing All Computers 323
Listing All Vulnerabilities 323
Cisco Identity Services Engine (ISE) 326
ISE REST APIs 327
ERS API Authentication 328
Creating an Endpoint Group 329
Creating an Endpoint and Adding It to a Group 330
Other ISE APIs 331
Cisco Threat Grid 331
Threat Grid APIs 332
Threat Grid API Format 332
API Keys 333
Who Am I 333
The Data, Sample, and IOC APIs 334
Feeds 335
Exam Preparation Tasks 337
Review All Key Topics 337
Define Key Terms 338
Chapter 12 Model-Driven Programmability 340
Do I Know This Already? Quiz 340
Foundation Topics 342
NETCONF 343
YANG 347
RESTCONF 367
Model-Driven Telemetry 371
Exam Preparation Tasks 372
Review All Key Topics 372
Define Key Terms 372
Chapter 13 Deploying Applications 374
Do I Know This Already? Quiz 374
Foundation Topics 376
Application Deployment Models 376
NIST Definition 376
Essential Characteristics 377
Service Models 378
Application Deployment Options 379
Private Cloud 379
Public Cloud 379
Hybrid Cloud 380
Community Cloud 381
Edge and Fog Computing 381
Application Deployment Methods 382
Bare-Metal Application Deployment 382
Virtualized Applications 383
Cloud-Native Applications 384
Containerized Applications 384
Serverless 386
DevOps 388
What Is DevOps? 390
Putting DevOps into Practice: The Three Ways 391
First Way: Systems and Flow 391
Second Way: Feedback Loop 392
Third Way: Continuous Experimentation and Learning 393
DevOps Implementation 394
Docker 398
Understanding Docker 398
Namespaces 398
Cgroups 399
Union File System 399
Docker Architecture 400
Using Docker 401
Working with Containers 403
Dockerfiles 410
Docker Images 411
Docker Hub 414
Exam Preparation Tasks 419
Review All Key Topics 419
Define Key Terms 419
Additional Resources 419
Chapter 14 Application Security 420
Do I Know This Already? Quiz 420
Foundation Topics 422
Identifying Potential Risks 422
Common Threats and Mitigations 423
Open Web Application Security Project 424
Using Nmap for Vulnerability Scanning 426
Basic Nmap Scan Against an IP Address or a Host 427
CVE Detection Using Nmap 427
Protecting Applications 429
Tiers of Securing and Protecting 430
Encryption Fundamentals 431
Public Key Encryption 431
Data Integrity (One-Way Hash) 432
Digital Signatures 432
Data Security 433
Secure Development Methods 434
Securing Network Devices 437
Firewalls 437
Intrusion Detection Systems (IDSs) 439
Intrusion Prevention Systems (IPSs) 440
Domain Name System (DNS) 440
Load Balancing 443
Exam Preparation Tasks 446
Review All Key Topics 446
Define Key Terms 447
Chapter 15 Infrastructure Automation 448
Do I Know This Already? Quiz 449
Foundation Topics 451
Controller Versus Device-Level Management 451
Infrastructure as Code 454
Continuous Integration/Continuous Delivery Pipelines 455
Automation Tools 458
Ansible 458
Puppet 462
Chef 465
Cisco Network Services Orchestrator (NSO) 467
Cisco Modeling Labs/Cisco Virtual Internet Routing Laboratory (CML/VIRL) 474
Python Automated Test System (pyATS) 476
Exam Preparation Tasks 479
Review All Key Topics 479
Define Key Terms 480
Chapter 16 Network Fundamentals 482
Do I Know This Already? Quiz 482
Foundation Topics 484
Network Reference Models 484
The OSI Model 484
The TCP/IP Model 488
Switching Concepts 492
Ethernet 492
MAC Addresses 493
Virtual Local-Area Networks (VLANs) 494
Switching 495
Routing Concepts 496
IPv4 Addresses 496
IPv6 Addresses 501
Routing 504
Exam Preparation Tasks 507
Review All Key Topics 507
Define Key Terms 508
Chapter 17 Networking Components 510
Do I Know This Already? Quiz 510
Foundation Topics 512
What Are Networks? 512
Elements of Networks 516
Hubs 517
Bridges 517
Switches 518
Virtual Local Area Networks (VLANs) 520
Routers 521
Routing in Software 522
Functions of a Router 524
Network Diagrams: Bringing It All Together 526
Software-Defined Networking 526
SDN Controllers 529
Cisco Software-Defined Networking (SDN)
