Introduction xi
 
Acknowledgments xv
 
Abbreviations xvii
 
1. Basics 1
 
1.1 Cloud Computing Fundamentals 1
 
1.2 Roles in Cloud Computing 6
 
1.3 Applications 9
 
1.3.1 Application Service Quality 11
 
1.4 Demand, Supply, Capacity, and Fungibility 13
 
1.5 Demand Variability 16
 
1.6 Chapter Review 18
 
2. Rethinking Capacity Management 19
 
2.1 Capacity Management 19
 
2.2 Demand Management 21
 
2.3 Performance Management 21
 
2.4 Canonical Capacity Management 23
 
2.4.1 Traditional Capacity Management 24
 
2.4.2 ITIL Capacity Management 27
 
2.4.3 eTOM Capacity Management 28
 
2.4.4 Discussion 30
 
2.5 Three Cloud Capacity Management Problems 30
 
2.5.1 Physical Resource Capacity Management 31
 
2.5.2 Virtual Resource Capacity Management 32
 
2.5.3 Application Capacity Management 33
 
2.6 Cloud Capacity Management as a Value Chain 36
 
2.7 Chapter Review 39
 
3. Lean Thinking on Cloud Capacity Management 41
 
3.1 Lean Thinking Overview 41
 
3.2 Goal 42
 
3.3 Seeing Waste (Nonvalue-Adding Activities) 43
 
3.3.1 Reserve Capacity 45
 
3.3.2 Excess Application Capacity 46
 
3.3.3 Excess Online Infrastructure Capacity 46
 
3.3.4 Excess Physical Infrastructure Capacity 46
 
3.3.5 Inadequate Capacity 47
 
3.3.6 Infrastructure Overhead 48
 
3.3.7 Capacity Management Overhead 48
 
3.3.8 Resource Overhead 49
 
3.3.9 Power Management Overhead 50
 
3.3.10 Workload Migration 50
 
3.3.11 Complexity Overhead 51
 
3.3.12 Resource Allocation Failure 51
 
3.3.13 Leaking and Lost Resources 53
 
3.3.14 Waste Heat 53
 
3.3.15 Carbon Footprint 54
 
3.4 Key Principles 54
 
3.4.1 Move toward Flow 55
 
3.4.2 Pull versus Push 55
 
3.4.3 Level the Workload 55
 
3.4.4 Stop and Fix Problems 55
 
3.4.5 Master Practices 56
 
3.4.6 Visual Management 57
 
3.4.7 Use Well-Tested Technology 57
 
3.4.8 Take a Long-Term Perspective 58
 
3.4.9 Grow, Learn, and Teach Others 58
 
3.4.10 Develop Exceptional People 58
 
3.4.11 Partners Help Each Other Improve 58
 
3.4.12 Go See 59
 
3.4.13 Implement Rapidly 59
 
3.4.14 Become a Learning Organization 59
 
3.5 Pillar: Respect 59
 
3.6 Pillar: Continuous Improvement 61
 
3.7 Foundation 62
 
3.8 Cadence 62
 
3.9 Lean Capacity Management Philosophy 63
 
3.10 Chapter Review 64
 
4. Lean Cloud Capacity Management Strategy 67
 
4.1 Lean Application Service Provider Strategy 68
 
4.1.1 User Workload Placement 71
 
4.1.2 Application Performance Management 73
 
4.2 Lean Infrastructure Service Provider Strategies 73
 
4.2.1 Physical Resource Capacity Management 76
 
4.3 Full Stream Optimization 77
 
4.4 Chapter Review 79
 
5. Electric Power Generation as Cloud Infrastructure Analog 81
 
5.1 Power Generation as a Cloud Infrastructure Analog 81
 
5.2 Business Context 83
 
5.3 Business Structure 86
 
5.4 Technical Similarities 88
 
5.5 Impedance and Fungibility 91
 
5.6 Capacity Ratings 94
 
5.7 Bottled Capacity 95
 
5.8 Location of Production Considerations 95
 
5.9 Demand Management 97
 
5.10 Demand and Reserves 98
 
5.11 Service Curtailment 99
 
5.12 Balance and Grid Operations 100
 
5.13