Preface xiii
Acknowledgments xv
About the Editors xvii
About the Contributors xix
1 Introduction: How Play Therapy Causes Therapeutic Change 1
Athena A. Drewes and Charles E. Schaefer
Therapeutic Factors 1
Therapeutic Powers of Play 2
How Best to Use the Material in This Book 4
References 6
Part I Facilitates Communication 9
2 Self-Expression 11
Mary Morrison Bennett and Stephanie Eberts
Why Is Self-Expression Therapeutic? 11
Empirical Support of the Power of Self-Expression in Play Therapy 14
Role of Self-Expression in Facilitating Change 15
Strategies and Techniques in Facilitating Self-Expression 16
Applications 21
Clinical Vignettes 21
Summary 23
References 23
3 Access to the Unconscious 25
David Crenshaw and Kathleen Tillman
Introduction 25
The Power of Play Therapy to Access the Unconscious 26
Empirical Support 27
The Role of Accessing the Unconscious in Causing Change 28
Strategies and Techniques 29
Clinical Applications and Clinical Vignettes 33
Summary 36
References 37
4 Direct Teaching 39
Theresa Fraser
Introduction 39
Role of Direct Teaching in Causing Change 40
Strategies and Techniques 42
Empirical Support 43
Clinical Applications 44
Vignette 45
Summary 48
References 48
5 Indirect Teaching 51
Aideen Taylor de Faoite
Introduction 51
Indirect Teaching 52
Empirical Support 53
Role of Indirect Teaching in Causing Change 56
Strategies and Techniques 59
Clinical Applications and Vignettes 61
Conclusion 66
References 67
Part II Fosters Emotional Wellness 69
6 Catharsis 71
Athena A. Drewes and Charles E. Schaefer
Introduction 71
Description of Catharsis 72
Empirical Support 73
Role of Catharsis in Causing Change 74
Clinical Applications 75
Techniques 76
Contraindications 77
Clinical Vignettes 78
References 79
7 Abreaction 83
Eileen Prendiville
Introduction 83
Description of Abreaction 85
Empirical Support 87
Role of Abreaction in Causing Change 89
Strategies and Techniques 92
Clinical Applications and Clinical Vignettes 94
References 98
8 Positive Emotions 103
Terry Kottman
Introduction 103
Description of Positive Emotion 104
Empirical Support 107
Role of Positive Emotion in Causing Change 111
Strategies and Techniques 113
Clinical Applications and Clinical Vignettes 115
References 117
9 Counterconditioning Fears 121
Tammi Van Hollander
Description of Counterconditioning Fears 121
The Role of Counterconditioning Fears in Causing Change 122
Play Strategies and Techniques 122
Empirical Support 124
Clinical Applications 125
Case Vignettes 125
Conclusion 129
References 129
10 Stress Inoculation 131
Angela M. Cavett
Description of Stress Inoculation 131
Empirical Support for Stress Inoculation 133
Role of Stress Inoculation in Causing Change 134
Strategies and Techniques 136
Clinical Vignettes 136
Conclusion 139
References 140
11 Stress Management 143
Kristin S. Bemis
Introduction 143
Description of Stress Management 144
Empirical Support 145
Role of Stress Management in Causing Change 146
Strategies and Techniques 148
Clinical Applications and Clinical Vignettes 149
References 152
Part III Enhances Social Relationships 155
12 Therapeutic Relationship 157
Anne L. Stewart and Lennis G. Echterling
Introduction 157
Description of the Therapeutic Relationship 157
Empirical Support 159
Role of the Therapeutic Relationship in Causing Change 160
Strategies and Techniques 161
Clinical Applications and Clinical Vignettes 163
Conclusion 167
References 168
13 Attachment 171
William F. Whelan and Anne L. Stewart
Introduction 171
Description of Attachment 171
Empirical Support 173
The Role of Attachment in Causing Change 174
Strategies and Techniques 177
Clinical Applications and Clinical Vignette 179
Conclusion 181
References 182
14 Social Competence 185
Julie Blundon Nash
Introduction 185
Description of Social Competence 185
Empirical Support 186
Role of Peer Relationships in Causing Change 187
Strategies and Techniques 188
Clinical Applications and Clinical Vignettes 189
Conclusion 192
References 192
15 Empathy 195
Richard Gaskill
Introduction 195
Description of Empathy 196
Empirical Support 196
Components of Empathy 197
Role of Empathy in Causing Change 201
Strategies and Techniques 203
Clinical Applications 204
Summary 206
References 207
Part IV Increases Personal Strengths 211
16 Creative Problem Solving 213
Sandra W. Russ and Claire E. Wallace
Introduction 213
Description of Creative Problem Solving 213
Role of Creative Problem Solving in Causing Change 214
Clinical Applications 215
Empirical Support 217
Clinical Vignette 219
References 222
17 Resiliency 225
John Seymour
Description of Resiliency 226
Role of Resiliency in Causing Change 227
Clinical Applications 228
Empirical Support 233
Clinical Vignette 234
References 238
18 Moral Development 243
Jill Packman
Description of Moral Development 243
Empathy 245
Neurobiology 246
Role of Moral Development in Causing Change 246
Individual Play Therapy Techniques 247
Group Play Therapy Techniques 248
Child-Parent Relationship Therapy 249
Clinical Vignettes 250
Applications 253
References 253
19 Accelerated Psychological Development 255
Siobhán Prendiville
Introduction 255
Importance of the Specific Power 255
Empirical Support 255
Role of Accelerated Psychological Development in Causing Change 259
Strategies and Technique 259
Clinical Applications and Clinical Vignettes 263
References 265
20 Self-Regulation 269
Marcie Yeager and Daniel Yeager
Introduction 269
The Power of Self-Regulation 270
Executive Function Allows for Goal-Directed (Intentional) Behavior 271
An Experience of Empowerment: Emphasizing the "Self" in Self-Regulation 272
Empirical Support: What the Research Shows 272
A Developmental Perspective: How Self-Regulation Is Internalized 274
The Zone of Proximal Development 277
The "Future Child" 278
The Role of Play in the Development of Self-Regulation 278
Strategies for Assessment and Treatment: Staying in the Zone 282
Summary 292
References 292
21 Self-Esteem 295
Diane Frey
Introduction 295
Description of Self-Esteem 295
Empirical Support 298
Role of Self-Esteem in Causing Change 300
Strategies and Techniques 303
Clinical Applications and Clinical Vignettes 309
Conclusion 317
References 317
Author Index 319
Subject Index 331
