List of Contributors xiii
Acknowledgements xviii
Introduction to the Second Edition 1
Paul Draper and Charles Taliaferro
Part I: Philosophical Issues in the Religions of the World 3
1 Hinduism 5
Jonardon Ganeri
2 Buddhism 13
Paul J. Griffiths
3 Chinese Confucianism and Daoism 23
Chad Hansen
4 African Religions from a Philosophical Point of View 34
Kwasi Wiredu
5 Judaism 44
Lenn E. Goodman
6 Christianity 59
William J. Wainwright
7 Philosophy in the Islamic Context 67
Aziz A. Esmail and Azim A. Nanji
Part II: Philosophical Theology and Philosophy of Religion in Western History 81
8 Ancient Philosophical Theology 83
Kevin L. Flannery
9 The Christian Contribution to Medieval Philosophical Theology 91
Scott MacDonald
10 The Islamic Contribution to Medieval Philosophical Theology 99
David Burrell
11 The Jewish Contribution to Medieval Philosophical Theology 106
Tamar Rudavsky
12 Early Modern Philosophical Theology on the Continent 114
Derk Pereboom
13 Early Modern Philosophical Theology in Great Britain 124
Geoffrey Gorham
14 The Emergence of Modern Philosophy of Religion 133
Merold Westphal
Part III: Philosophy of Religion and Religious Philosophy in the Twentieth Century 141
15 American Pragmatism 143
Nancy Frankenberry
16 Personalism 151
Patricia A. Sayre
17 Process Theology 159
David Ray Griffin
18 Phenomenology and Existentialism 167
Merold Westphal
19 Wittgenstein 176
John Hyman
20 Thomism 189
Ralph McInerny
21 Natural Theology 196
Brian Hebblethwaite
22 The Reformed Tradition 204
Nicholas Wolterstorff
23 The Jewish Tradition 210
Robert Gibbs
24 The Christian East 217
Paul Valliere
Part IV: The Concept of God 225
25 Perfect Being Theology 227
Mark Owen Webb
26 Holiness 235
Jacqueline Mariña
27 Omnipotence 243
Joshua Hoffman and Gary Rosenkrantz
28 Omniscience 251
George I. Mavrodes
29 Omnipresence 258
Edward R. Wierenga
30 Goodness 263
Paul Helm
31 Simplicity 270
Eleonore Stump
32 Eternity 278
Brian Leftow
33 Necessity 285
William E. Mann
34 Incorporeality 292
Charles Taliaferro
35 Beauty 300
Patrick Sherry
36 Divine Action 308
Thomas F. Tracy
37 Creation and Conservation 315
Hugh J. McCann
38 Immutability and Impassibility 322
Richard E. Creel
39 Providence 329
Thomas P. Flint
40 Pantheism 337
Michael Levine
41 Religious Language 348
Janet Soskice
Part V: The Justification of Religious Belief 357
42 Ontological Arguments 359
Peter van Inwagen
43 Cosmological Arguments 368
William L. Rowe
44 Teleological and Design Arguments 375
Laura L. Garcia
45 Moral Arguments 385
C. Stephen Evans
46 Arguments from Consciousness and Free Will 392
Stewart Goetz
47 Miracles 398
George N. Schlesinger
48 Religious Experience 405
Keith E. Yandell
49 Cumulative Cases 414
Paul Draper
50 Pragmatic Arguments 425
Jeffrey Jordan
51 Tradition 434
Basil Mitchell
52 Fideism 441
Terence Penelhum
Part VI: Challenges to Theistic Belief 449
53 The Presumption of Atheism 451
Antony Flew
54 The Verificationist Challenge 458
Michael Martin
55 Theism and Incoherence 467
Michael Martin
56 Foreknowledge and Human Freedom 474
Linda Zagzebski
57 The Problem of No Best World 482
Klaas J. Kraay
58 The Logical Problem of Evil 491
Michael L. Peterson
59 The Evidential Problem of Evil 500
Graham Oppy
60 Divine Hiddenness 509
J. L. Schellenberg
61 Naturalistic Explanations of Theistic Belief 519
Kai Nielsen
Part VII: Religion and Science 527
62 Historical Perspectives on Religion and Science 529
John Hedley Brooke
63 Theism and Physical Cosmology 539
William Lane Craig
64 Theism and Evolutionary Biology 548
William Hasker
65 Theism and the Scientific Understanding of the Mind 557
Robert Audi
66 Theism and Technology 566
Frederick Ferré
Part VIII: Religion and Values 575
67 The Ethics of Religious Commitment 577
Samantha Corte
68 Divine Command Ethics 585
Janine Marie Idziak
69 Natural Law Ethics 593
Robert P. George
70 Religion, Law, and Politics 598
Paul J. Weithman
71 Theism and Toleration 606
Edward Langerak
72 Sin and Original Sin 614
Philip L. Quinn
73 Atonement, Justification, and Sanctification 622
John E. Hare
74 Resurrection, Heaven, and Hell 630
Jonathan L. Kvanvig
75 Reincarnation and Karma 639
Paul Reasoner
Part IX: Current Trends and New Directions 649
76 Theological Realism and Antirealism 651
Roger Trigg
77 Wittgensteinian Philosophy of Religion 659
John H. Whittaker
78 Continental Philosophy of Religion 667
John D. Caputo
79 Reformed Epistemology 674
Alvin Plantinga
80 Evidentialism 681
Richard Swinburne
81 Feminism 689
Sarah Coakley
82 Philosophical Reflection on Revelation and Scripture 695
William J. Abraham
83 Philosophical Reflection on Mysticism 702
Anthony Novak Perovich, Jr.
84 Religious Pluralism 710
John Hick
85 Comparative Philosophy of Religion 718
Paul J. Griffiths
Resources for Further Study 724
Index 726
