I Introduction.- II Low-Delay Speech Coding.- 1. Backward Adaptive Prediction Algorithms in Multi-Tree Speech Coders.- 2. Backward Adaptive Configurations for Low-Delay Vector Excitation Coding.- 3. A Robust Low-Delay CELP Speech Coder at 16 kb/s.- 4. An Efficient Variable-Bit-Rate Low-Delay CELP (VBR-LD-CELP) Coder.- 5. A Trellis-Searched 16 kbit/sec Speech Coder with Low-Delay.- 6. Hybrid Backward Adaptive Pitch Prediction for Low-Delay Vector Excitation Coding.- III Speech Coding for Digital Cellular and Portable Communications.- 7. Vector Sum Excited Linear Prediction (VSELP).- 8. An Error Protected Transform Coder for Cellular Mobile Radio.- 9. A Multipulse Speech Codec for Digital Cellular Mobile Use.- 10. Transmitting Digital Speech in a Portable Radio Environment.- 11. A Study on Speech and Channel Coding for Digital Cellular.- IV Speech Coding Below 8 kb/s Using Code Excited Linear Prediction.- 12. The DOD 4.8 KBPS Standard (Proposed Federal Standard 1016).- 13. Analysis-by-Synthesis Linear Predictive Speech Coding at 4.8 kbit/s and below.- 14. Binary Pulse Excitation: A Novel Approach to Low Complexity CELP Coding.- 15. Speech Coding with Dynamic Bit Allocation (Multimode Coding).- 16. 7 KBPS-7 MIPS-High Quality ACELP for Cellular Radio.- 17. A 6 KBPS Regular Pulse CELP Coder for Mobile Radio Communications.- V Alternative Techniques for Low Rate Speech Coding.- 18. Beyond Multipulse and CELP Towards High Quality Speech at 4 kb/s.- 19. Sine-Wave Amplitude Coding at Low Data Rates.- 20. The Multi-Band Excitation Speech Coder.- 21. Phonetic Segmentation for Low Rate Speech Coding.- 22. Vector Excitation Homomorphic Vocoder.- 23. A 400-BPS Speech Coding Algorithm for Real-Time Implementation.- VI Speech Coding for Noisy Channels and Real-Time Implementations.- 24. Source-Dependent Channel Coding and its Application to CELP.- 25. Vector Trellis Quantization for Noisy Channels.- 26. Application of Stochastic Coding Schemes in Satellite Communication.- 27. A Real Time Implementation of a 4800 bps Self Excited Vocoder.- 28. A Real-Time Full Duplex 16/8 KBPS CVSELP Coder with Integral Echo Canceller Implemented on a Single DSP56001.- VII Topics in Speech Coding.- 29. Improved Excitation Sequence Quantization in Regular Pulse Excitation Speech Coding.- 30. On Improving the Performance of Pitch Predictors in Speech Coding Systems.- 31. Efficient Encoding of the Long-Term Predictor in Vector Excitation Coders.- 32. Constrained-Stochastic Excitation Coding of Speech at 4.8 kb/s.- 33. Speech Coding Using Least-Squares Estimation.- 34. Qualitative Analysis and Enhancement of Sine Transform Coding.- 35. An ADM Speech Coding with Time Domain Harmonic Scaling.